2009년 1월 16일 금요일

demoralize, morale, morals

[1: Cobuild] VERB. 
If something demoralizes someone, it makes them lose so much confidence in what they are doing that they want to give up.
  • Clearly, one of the objectives is to demoralize the enemy troops in any way they can.
  • demoralized (ADJ): The ship's crew were now exhausted and utterly demoralized.
[2: Am-Heritage] 
1. To undermine the confidence or morale of; dishearten
  • an inconsistent policy that demoralized the staff.
2. To put into disorder; confuse.
3. To debase the morals of; corrupt

[3: Collins Essential]
to deprive (someone) of confidence or enthusiasm
  • she had been demoralized and had just given up.
***
Theaurus-WordNet 3.0: demoralize

1. corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality
  • "debauch the young people with wine and women"
  • "Socrates was accused of corrupting young men"
  • "Do school counselors subvert young children?"
  • "corrupt the morals"
  • (Syn) corrupt, debase, debauch, demoralise, deprave, misdirect, pervert, profane, vitiate, subvert
2. lower someone's spirits; make downhearted
  • "These news depressed her"
  • "The bad state of her child's health demoralizes her"
  • (Syn) depress, dismay, dispirit, cast down, deject, demoralise, get down
3. confuse or put into disorder
  • "the boss's behavior demoralized everyone in the office"
***
cf. morale:
[N-UNCOUNT : oft with poss] Morale is the amount of confidence and cheerfulness that a group of people have:   Many pilots are suffering from low morale.

cf. moral: 
1. [N-PLURAL] Morals are principles and beliefs concerning right and wrong behaviour: Western ideas and morals.  They have no morals.

6. [N-COUNT : usu the N in sing] The moral of a story or event is what you learn from it about how you should or should not behave:  I think the moral of the story is let the buyer beware.   = message.

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