Dic: synonyms/ crave, long for

─ crave

   Roget's II:

1. To make an earnest or urgent request: appeal, beg, beseech, entreat, implore, plead, pray, sue, supplicate.

2. To have a greedy, obsessive desire: hunger, itch, lust, thirst.

─ long (2):

   Roget's II:

To have a strong longing for: ache, covet, desire, hanker, pant, prine, want, wish, yearn. [Informal] hone(2).

─ longing:

   Roget's II:

A strong wanting of what promises enjoyment or pleasure: appetence, appetency, appetite, craving, desire, hunger, itch, thirst, wish, yearning, yen.

   COBUILD

If you feel longing or a longing for something, you have a rather sad feeling because you want it very much.

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CF. The Difference between Craving and Desire (Christine Louise Hohlbaum. Psychology Today, Sep 2013)


※ 발췌 (excerpt):

Some time ago, I wrote about the distinction between desire and craving. ( ... ) The difference between desire and craving is subtle, but true. Desire is an expression of longing. Craving is an expression of neediness. Dancing in the delight of desire is spectacular. It is a teasing, a delicious yearning for something just out of reach, but with the promise of its fulfillment. A craving is an insatiable hunger that can never really be stilled. When we rest in our own awareness, we experience desire. When we place our power outside of ourselves, it turns into a craving, that toxic place in which we lose touch with our own reality. ( ... ... )


CF. The Wisdom of Two Open Palms (Christine Louise Hohlbaum, July 2012)


※ 발췌 (excerpt):

As I continue to read Buddha's Brain, I have become aware of an important distinction betwen craving and desire. Craving is a level of neediness that leaves you forever unfulfilled while desire is an intention that will either be fulfilled or not. The key here is not to be attached to the outcome either way. You desire something, but whether it comes to pass or not is another thing altogether ( ... ... )


CF. Do you have desire or do you have longing? There's a big difference (Janelle Hardy, ... )



CF. Persons: A Study in Philosophical Psychology (Raziel Abelson. Springer, Dec 2015). 구글도서


※ 발췌 (excerpt): p. 55, out of Chapter 4 "Motivation"

( ... ... ) In sum, giving reasons for actions is citing goals and/or means-ends rules for achieving goals. What then is their connection with desires, feelings and emotions?

The Role of Wants, Desires and Feelings

Wanting, as we saw in the previous chapter, is a catch-all motivational term that indicates that the action it modifies is voluntary and either not in need of reasons ('Because i want to'), or a means to some desired goal ('Because I want G and doing A is the way to get G'), or that the agent is in some determinable state requiring action, the determinate state being specifiable as desire, need, craving, longing, compulsion, temptation, etc.

While more specific than 'want', 'desire' is still both vague and ambiguous (even more so in French, where 'désirer' is practically synonymous with 'vouloir'). But 'desire' is more suggestive of agitation, feeling and reduced control than 'want', although less so than 'crave' or 'long for'. We speak more easily of desires as irresistible than of wants, of wants, while craving and need entail (^ceteris paribus^) irresistibility, and longing entails both irresistibility and unattainability of its object. Unlike wanting, which is seldom felt, we ^feel^ our desires, cravings and longings. Needs are more complex. One may feel a need that one does not really have, or not feel one (not even be aware of one) that one does really have. Needs can be subjective or objective, illusory or real, conscious or unconscious. This is also true of wants, so that one can say, on occasion, 'You don't ^really^ want that, you only think you do.' Not so for desires, cravings, etc. Psychoanalytic talk of unconscious desires and wishes is poor choice of language. 'Unconscious needs and wants' would be better English for the message of psychoanalytic theory. The main difference between need and want is evaluative. To say that X needs O is, to some extent, to express approval of X's having O.[주]8 Not so for wanting, except in that somewhat archaic usage as synonymous with lack, as in Robert Burn's 'Some have meat but cannot eat, and some that can, they want it'.

Confining the discussion to desires, let us examine their relatin to feelings. Feelings, I suggest, are precisely what William James mistook emotions to be, namely, awareness of bodily agitations. What kind of awareness? The thesis of Chapter 2 on avowals suggested that feelings (which, together with preferences, intentions and beliefs, are prime objects of avowals) are not entirely passive, but are interpretive and evaluative responses to a situation that includes one's own bodily changes. ( ... ... )