[메모] 골턴의 큉컹크스

출처 1: http://www.mathsisfun.com/data/quincunx.html


출처 2: Classic Topics on the History of Modern Mathematical Statistics: From Laplace to More Recent Times (Prakash Gorroochurn 지음. John Wiley & Sons, 2016). 구글도서

※ 발췌 (excerpt):

Galton's ideas were greatly influenced by the ingenious quincunx [주]10 that he had built in 1873 (e.g., see Stigler, 1986b; 1989; 1997) (cf. Fig. 2.3, left).

The quincunx has a funnel at the top, a succession of rows of pins below it, and a series of vertical compartments at the bottom. Leat shot are dropped from the top and scamper

... deviously down through the pins in a curious and interesting way; each of them darting a step to the right or left, as the case may be, every time it strikes a pin. The pins are disposed in quincunx fashion, so that every descending shot strikes against a pin in each successive row ... and, at length, every shot finds itself caught in a compartment immediately after freeing itself from the last row of pins. The outline of the columns of shot that accumulate in the successive compartments approximates to the [Normal] Curve of Frequency, and is closely of the same shape however often the experiment is repeated. The outline of the columns would become more nearly identical with the Normal Curve of Frequency, if the rows of pins were much more numerous, the shot smaller, and the compartments narrower; also if a large quantity of shot were used.   (Galton, 1889, p. 64)

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