[자료] premarket discrimination

자료: Labor Market Discrimination

Pre-market discrimination: unequal opportunity to develop talents and abilities prior to employment (inferior schools, poor health services, gender gaps in college education)

Market Discrimination:

Equal capabilities given unequal:
 - job assignments
 - promotion
 - pay

3 areas of market discrimination:
 - prejudice
 - market power
 - imperfect information


자료: Labor Market Discrimination and Racial Differences in Premarket Factors ( September, 2003 )

(...) They further argue that ability measured in the teenage years is a “premarket” factor, meaning that it is not affected by expectations or actual experiences of discrimination in the labor market. We consider this claim and argue that there is considerable arbitrariness in proclaiming what is or is not a “premarket” factor, and such determinations matter reatly for the size of the adjusted wage gaps. When adjustments for schooling attainment at the date of the test are made, the adjusted wage gaps rise.

자료 3: 18.3. The Economics of Discrimination

(...) While stricter enforcement of civil rights laws or new programs designed to reduce labor-market discrimination may serve to further improve earnings of groups that have been historically discriminated against, wage gaps between groups also reflect differences in choices and in “premarket” conditions, such as family environment and early education. Some of these premarket conditions may themselves be the result of discrimination.